Wednesday, 12 January 2011

What is Pan, Tilt and Zoom? Manual and Auto Focus? Pull Focus?

Panning is when you move where the camera is facing, from one side to another. For this you keep the camera in the same position, and using a tripod if necessary rotate it around for the distance required. You can use this to follow a subject that is moving, or to show the surroundings, or to move between two subjects at the same height.

Zooming is when you keep the camera in the same position, and using controls on the camera, get closer/further away from the subject. This can be used to get close to a subject you can't get to, to emphasise a subject, or as a transition/ending to a shot.

Tilting the camera, is when you keep it in the same position on a tripod and move where it is facing up and down. You can use it to move between two subjects, follow a subject that is moving, or to show the surroundings. It is similar to panning, with only the direction being the difference.

You can either focus the camera automatically or manually. There is usually a setting on the camera to choose what you need. Some cameras, like the flip camera, do not have this option and it is completely automatic. When it is on automatic, the camera decides what it thinks is the main subject and keeps it focused when you or it is moving. Manual focus allows much more choice and creativity. You can use techniques such as pull focus, where you keep the camera still, and move the focus from one thing to another. This can create very interesting effects, and makes the viewer look at whatever it is you want them to.

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